In filmmaking, visual effects (abbreviated VFX) are the processes by which imagery is created and/or manipulated outside the context of a live action shot. Visual effects involve the integration of live-action footage and generated imagery to create environments which look realistic, but would be dangerous, expensive, impractical, or simply impossible to capture on film. Visual effects using computer-generated imagery has recently become accessible to the independent filmmaker with the introduction of affordable and easy-to-use animation and compositing software.

Visual effects are often integral to a movie’s story and appeal. Although most visual effects work is completed during post-production, it usually must be carefully planned and choreographed in pre-production and production. Visual effects are primarily executed in Post-Production, with the use of multiple tools and technologies such as graphic design, modeling, animation and similar software, while special effects such as explosions and car chases are made on set. A visual effects supervisor is usually involved with the production from an early stage to work closely with production and the film’s director design, guide and lead the teams required to achieve the desired effects.

Discussion topic:
Find a movie/animation you think is historically important from a visual effects perspective. Briefly describe your reason for choosing it and why it is significant.

+ Screening
Don Levy: A Cinematic Journey through Visual Effects Language(06:48)
Rob Legato: The Art of Creating Awe(16:20)
Ed Ulbrich: Shows How Benjamin Button got his face(17:58)

Using AI For VFX | Midjourney + After Effects 13:09
Unreal Engine Filmmaking & VFX 9:34

+ Reading
https://www.vfxvoice.com/the-rise-and-future-of-high-end-episodic-vfx/
https://www.indiewire.com/features/general/visual-effects-future-rob-legato-1234685728/

Additional resources
Film Milestones in Visual and Special Effects
Top 10 VFX Innovations in the 21st Century!